Traits: characteristics passed from parent to offspring.
Genes: hereditary characteristics controlled by factors.
Allele: an alternative form of a gene
Pure-breed: the production of the same characteristics in each succeeding generation when individuals are bred among themselves.
Eg. AA, or aa
Hybrids: an offspring that is the result of a mating between individuals of two different genetic constitutions.
Eg. Aa
Dominant trait: an allele that masks the effect of another allele
Recessive trait: one of a pair of contrasting characteristics, which is controlled by an allele that is masked by dominant alleles.
A cross is the mating of two organisms.
Genes: hereditary characteristics controlled by factors.
Allele: an alternative form of a gene
Pure-breed: the production of the same characteristics in each succeeding generation when individuals are bred among themselves.
Eg. AA, or aa
Hybrids: an offspring that is the result of a mating between individuals of two different genetic constitutions.
Eg. Aa
Dominant trait: an allele that masks the effect of another allele
Recessive trait: one of a pair of contrasting characteristics, which is controlled by an allele that is masked by dominant alleles.
A cross is the mating of two organisms.
Monohybrid crosses:
In a monohybrid cross only one pair of contrasting characteristics is studied. The genes for an individual are represented by two letters; one for the gene that originated from the female parent, and one for the gene that originated from the male parent. The gene that is dominant is shown as a capital letter and the gene that is recessive is shown as a lower-case letter. The alternative forms of the gene are called alleles. Genotypes are the gene combination also known as the genetic make-up of an individual as determined by the alleles for the characteristic being considered.
In a monohybrid cross only one pair of contrasting characteristics is studied. The genes for an individual are represented by two letters; one for the gene that originated from the female parent, and one for the gene that originated from the male parent. The gene that is dominant is shown as a capital letter and the gene that is recessive is shown as a lower-case letter. The alternative forms of the gene are called alleles. Genotypes are the gene combination also known as the genetic make-up of an individual as determined by the alleles for the characteristic being considered.
- Homozygous: the alleles are the same
- Heterozygous: one of each gene
- Phenotypes: the physical appearance